•  
Filter results
--Please Select--
--Please Select--
--Please Select--
--Please Select--
Sort result by
73 - 84 of 2343 results
Finance for small-firm growth: Towards flexibility and innovation

While microfinance contract innovations like repayment grace periods help small-firm owners, they can increase default rates for microfinance institutions. Based on field experiments in Pakistan and Kenya, this article finds that performance-linked repayments can stimulate more profitable investment...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Money & Finance
Year: 2025

Information is power: ICT and agricultural productivity

One reason for low agricultural productivity in developing countries is that farmers lack sufficient information or guidance in the use of modern agricultural methods. This article examines the impact of an Information and Communication Technology initiative in Bangladesh, involving call centres tha...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Agriculture
Year: 2025

Wartime mobilisation and economic development in India

Can temporary wartime mobilisation permanently reshape an economy? This article shows that Indian districts that received more orders related to World War II saw greater transformation from agriculture to industry and services more than six decades later – with the majority of this structural tran...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Productivity & Innovation
Year: 2025

Policy Roundup: State budgets, time use survey, natural calamities

This post presents our monthly curation of developments in the policy landscape – highlighting I4I content pertaining to state budgets, gender gaps in time use, and mitigating the impact of natural calamities.

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Miscellany
Year: 2025

Reflections on how the New Education Policy plays out in the classroom

The National Education Policy, 2020 emphasises the acquisition of foundational literacy and numeracy by Standard 2. Yet, little is known about how the related initiatives have translated into changes in teaching-learning in the classroom. In this note, Bhattacharjea, Bhutada and Bisht share insights...

  • Notes from the Field

Content Type: Notes from the Field
Topic: Human Development
Year: 2025

Complementarity between labour and energy in Indian manufacturing

As India develops its carbon markets to mitigate climate change, it is important to consider the short-term costs for industry. Analysing data on formal manufacturing from 2009-10 to 2019-20, this article finds that energy and labour are complementary inputs in production – if an intervention such...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Productivity & Innovation
Year: 2025

The unintended effect of alcohol prohibition on adolescents’ mental health

Alcohol consumption is typically initiated during adolescence, with long-lasting implications on adult health, economic stability, and well-being. Analysing Bihar’s alcohol ban, this article finds adverse impacts on adolescents’ mental health – driven by increased access to illegal alcohol fro...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Human Development
Year: 2025

How police patrols reduced severe street harassment in India

Street harassment is a pervasive issue, with negative impacts on women’s safety and mobility in urban public spaces. Based on an experiment conducted in collaboration with the Hyderabad City Police, this article demonstrates that visible, anti-harassment policing strategies combined with efforts t...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Social Identity
Year: 2025

The growing burden of state subsidies

Delivery of welfare benefits to citizens by state governments in India often takes the form of subsidies. Analysing budgetary data from seven Indian states for the period between 2018-19 and 2022-23, this article documents how explicit subsidies are straining state finances and compromising developm...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Macroeconomics
Year: 2025

Accountability and responsibility

Accountability of public institutions and employees is deemed important for them to function for the common good. In this post, Drèze and Sen argue that accountability is only one aspect of a much broader concern for responsibility. Explaining how a sense of responsibility can be an immense force f...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Governance
Year: 2025

ASER 2024: More than a post-pandemic recovery in learning

The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) 2024 reports on children’s schooling status and reading and arithmetic levels from almost all rural districts of India. In this post, Wilima Wadhwa, Director of the ASER Centre, discusses the key trends in school enrolment and learning outcomes across g...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Human Development
Year: 2025

Female labour force participation: Measurement and data quality

Official data revealed a sharp decline in female labour force participation in India between 2004-05 and 2011-12, despite fast economic growth in the country. Examining the measurement of women’s work and data quality issues, this article identifies three explanations for the low observed female l...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Social Identity
Year: 2025