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Grain subsidies and junk food purchases among low-income individuals

While governments rely on expensive food subsidy programmes to address malnutrition among low-income communities, their impact is unclear as only self-reported data on food purchase decisions are available. Based on an experiment in Mumbai using data from point-of-sale scanners, this article finds t...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Poverty & Inequality
Year: 2024

Policy Roundup: Women’s safety, social security, clean air

This post presents our monthly curation of developments in the Indian policy landscape – highlighting (recent and upcoming) I4I content pertaining to the issue of women’s safety at home, the need to prepare for ‘ageing India’, and the non-health impacts of air pollution. We take a look at st...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Miscellany
Year: 2024

How the Bangladesh unrest may impact India’s trade

Bangladesh has been a major export market for India, with India traditionally enjoying a strong trade surplus with its neighbour. In this post, Pandey and Sharma provide an overview of recent trends in India-Bangladesh trade, and consider how Bangladesh’s ongoing political turmoil may impact its i...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Trade
Year: 2024

Voluntary mobility to adapt to changing climate: A pathway to achieving SDGs

While the impacts of climate change affect all populations across the world, some are more at risk than others based on their geographical and socioeconomic positioning. Drawing on examples of climate change-led mobility from other countries, Sampurna Sarkar discusses how States can ensure the safet...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Environment
Year: 2024

Why political competition matters when inequality is high

In a high-inequality setting, local politicians with secure positions may favour the rich by diverting resources towards them, at the cost of the poor. To test this hypothesis, this article analyses data from rural India, and demonstrates that lower political competition worsens the impact of inequa...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Governance
Year: 2024

Expected or unexpected? Strategic communication around audits to maximise deterrence

Even with evidence on how audits can be designed to be more effective in deterring corruption by bureaucrats, in practice, budget constraints restrict governments from being able to conduct audits with the quality or intensity necessary to further deter corrupt behaviour. Analysing the case of socia...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Governance
Year: 2024

Decisions and dynamics: Unpacking the impact of contraceptive decisions on domestic violence

Women’s empowerment in the form of intra-household bargaining power, employment, and education have been documented to both reduce and increase the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV). Using data from the latest wave of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), this article investigate...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Social Identity
Year: 0

Share of manufacturing in India’s total employment: No mean performance

Available jobs data show only a modest increase in the share of manufacturing in India’s total employment in the last 50 years. In this post, Bishwanath Goldar highlights that the outsourcing of services used by manufacturing has grown speedily over time, due to the splintering of services from ma...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Productivity & Innovation
Year: 2024

Why firms should appoint ‘networked’ women directors

India has introduced regulations mandating companies to appoint woman directors on their boards, to improve gender balance at the top. In this context, this article traces the evolution of women-director networks in listed firms during 2010-2020. It finds that networked women directors are more invo...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Social Identity
Year: 2024

Why are canteens important when 800 million people get free grains?

Over the past decade, canteens have been established in various parts of India to provide subsidised meals and enhance food security. Based on a survey of canteens conducted across three states, Reetika Khera contends that this social policy intervention has helped ensure dignified meals for million...

  • Notes from the Field

Content Type: Notes from the Field
Topic: Poverty & Inequality
Year: 2024

Policy Roundup: Women’s safety, sub-caste quotas, Bangladesh unrest

This Policy Roundup presents I4I content pertaining to recent developments in the Indian policy landscape – highlighting the issue of women’s safety and how it affects their work participation, and the Supreme Court judgement allowing sub-classification within Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Trib...

  • Perspectives

Content Type: Perspectives
Topic: Miscellany
Year: 2024

Affirmative action in credit markets: Can it enhance minorities’ welfare?

In 2009, as part of a Government of India programme to improve the welfare of religious minorities, commercial banks were directed to increase credit to these groups. This article finds that the policy led to an increase in access to bank credit among religious minorities in the targeted areas. This...

  • Articles

Content Type: Articles
Topic: Social Identity
Year: 2024